instance

English

Alternative forms

• enstance, enstaunce, instaunce (all obsolete)

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French instance, from Latin īnstantia (“a being near, presence, also perseverance, earnestness, importunity, urgency”), from īnstāns (“urgent”); see instant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪnstəns/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

instance (plural instances)

1. (obsolete) Urgency of manner or words; an urgent request; insistence. [14th–19th c.]
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 8, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     I know one very well alied, to whom, at the instance of a brother of his […], I spake to that purpose […].

   • 1814 July 7, [Walter Scott], Waverley; […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh:  […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC:

     […] undertook at her instance to restore them.

   • 1916, William Howard Taft, Our Chief Magistrate and His Powers‎^[1], New York: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, →OL, page 56:

     It was settled, as long ago as the first Congress, at the instance of Madison, then in the Senate, and by the deciding vote of John Adams, then Vice-President, that even where the advice and consent of the Senate was necessary to the appointment of an officer, the President had the absolute power to remove him without consulting the Senate.

   • Urgency definition

     The quality or condition of being urgent. (1 of 3 urgency definitions)

   • Request definition

     To ask for (something). (1 of 2 request definitions)

   • Insistence definition

     The state of being insistent. (1 of 3 insistence definitions)

   • New York definition

     The largest city in the state of New York and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey. (1 of 10 New York definitions)
2. (obsolete) A token; a sign; a symptom or indication.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:

     It sends some precious instance of itself/ After the thing it loves.

3. (obsolete) That which is urgent; motive.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

     The instances that second marriage move
     Are base respects of thrift, but none of love.

4. (obsolete) A piece of evidence; a proof or sign (of something). [16th–18th c.]
   • c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     The reason that I gather he is mad, Besides this present instance of his rage, Is a mad tale he told to day at dinner […]

   • Evidence definition

     Facts or observations presented in support of an assertion. (1 of 4 evidence definitions)

   • Proof definition

     An effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial. (1 of 11 proof definitions)

   • Sign definition

     A fact that shows that something exists or may happen. (1 of 13 sign definitions)
5. Occasion; order of occurrence.
   • 1713, [Matthew Hale], “Concerning the Distribution of the Laws of England into Common Law, and Statute Law. And First, Concerning the Statute Law, or Acts of Parliament.”, in The History of the Common Law of England: […], [London]: […] J[ohn] Nutt, assignee of Edw[ard] Sayer Esq; for J. Walthoe, […], →OCLC, page 14:

     The Statutes, or Acts of Parliament themſelves. Theſe ſeem, as if in the Time of Edw[ard] I. they were drawn up into the Form of a Law in the firſt Inſtance, and ſo aſſented to by both Houſes, and the King, as may appear by the very Obſervation of the Contexture and Fabrick of the Statutes of thoſe Times.

   • Occasion definition

     A favorable opportunity; a convenient or timely chance. (1 of 9 occasion definitions)
6. A case offered as an exemplification or a precedent; an illustrative example. [from 16th c.]
   • August 30, 1706, Francis Atterbury, a sermon preach'd in the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, at the funeral of Mr. Tho. Bennet

     most remarkable instances of suffering

   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:

     :

     sometimes we love those that are absent, saith Philostratus, and gives instance in his friend Athenodorus, that loved a maid at Corinth whom he never saw […]

   • Case definition

     An actual event, situation, or fact. (1 of 10 case definitions)

   • Exemplification definition

     The act of exemplifying; a showing or illustrating by example. (1 of 3 exemplification definitions)

   • Precedent definition

     An act in the past which may be used as an example to help decide the outcome of similar instances in the future. (1 of 6 precedent definitions)

   • Example definition

     Something that is representative of all such things in a group. (1 of 6 example definitions)
7. One of a series of recurring occasions, cases, essentially the same.
   • 2006, Robert Spaemann, Persons: The Difference Between 'someone' and 'something', page 115:

     One's own death is an 'accidental' event, simply another instance of the general rule that human beings die.

   • 2010, Kenneth Anderson, How to Change Your Drinking: a Harm Reduction Guide to Alcohol, page 59:

     If you choose to drink again the best way to avoid another instance of withdrawal is to avoid drinking two days in a row.

   • 2010 October 11, Mark King, “Homeowners warned to be vigilant as identity and registration fraud rises”, in The Guardian‎^[2]:

     The organisations claim fraudsters are targeting properties belonging to both individuals and companies, in some instances using forged documents.

8. (computing) A specific occurrence of something that is created or instantiated, such as a database, or an object of a class in object-oriented programming. [from 20th c.]
   • 2000, Dov Bulka, David Mayhew, Efficient C++: Performance Programming Techniques, page 149:

     Some compilers will allow statics to be inlined, but then incorrectly create multiple instances of the inlined variable at run-time.

   • Computing definition

     The process or act of calculation. (1 of 3 computing definitions)

   • Instantiate definition

     To represent (a concept, theme, or principle) by an instance. (1 of 2 instantiate definitions)

   • Database definition

     A collection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer. (1 of 4 database definitions)

   • Object definition

     A thing that has physical existence but is not alive. (1 of 9 object definitions)

   • Class definition

     A group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes. (1 of 20 class definitions)

   • Object-Oriented definition

     Using entities called objects that can process data and exchange messages with other objects.
9. (massively multiplayer online games) A dungeon or other area that is duplicated for each player, or each party of players, that enters it, so that each player or party has a private copy of the area, isolated from other players.
   • 2006 September 1, Dan, “Re: DPS Classes: Why should I heal you?”, in alt.games.warcraft‎^[3] (Usenet):

     As long as the most difficult instance you've tried is Gnomeregan, you're never going to be credible talking about 'difficult encounters'.

   • 2010, William Sims Bainbridge, Online Multiplayer Games, Morgan & Claypool, →ISBN, page 26:

     For example, when a team of five players enters the Sunken Temple instance in World of Warcraft, they will battle many monsters, but they will not encounter other players even though several teams of players may be experiencing the Sunken Temple at the same time.

   • 2012, anonymous gamer quoted in Andrew Ee & Hichang Cho, "What Makes an MMORPG Leader? A Social Cognitive Theory-Based Approach to Understanding the Formation of Leadership Capabilities in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games", Eludamos, volume 6, page 31:

     Beating a difficult instance becomes second nature after running through it…a few times, with good leaders knowing exactly what to do and how to co-ordinate member actions.

   • Massively Multiplayer Online Game definition

     A computer game in which a large number of players can simultaneously interact in a persistent world.

   • Dungeon definition

     An underground prison or vault, typically built underneath a castle. (1 of 6 dungeon definitions)

   • Duplicate definition

     Being the same as another; identical, often having been copied from an original. (1 of 2 duplicate definitions)

   • Player definition

     One that plays

     1. One who plays any game or sport. (1 of 12 player definitions)

   • Party definition

     A person or group of people constituting a particular side in a contract or legal action. (1 of 18 party definitions)

   • Private definition

     Belonging or pertaining to an individual person, group of people, or entity that is not the state. (1 of 10 private definitions)

   • Isolate definition

     To set apart or cut off from others. (1 of 8 isolate definitions)
10. (massively multiplayer online games) An individual copy of such a dungeon or other area.
    • 2005 January 11, Patrick B., “Re: Instance dungeons”, in alt.games.warcraft‎^[4] (Usenet):

      The instance is created for the group that enters it.

    • 2005 December 6, Rene, “Re: Does group leader affect drops?”, in alt.games.warcraft‎^[5] (Usenet):

      As soon as the first player enters (spawns) a new instance, it appears that the loottable is somehow chosen.

    • 2010, Anthony Steed, Manuel Fradinho Oliveira, Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 398:

      A castle on the eastern edge of the island spawns a new instance whenever a party of players enters.

11. (Internet) An independent server on the decentralised social network Mastodon.
    • 2017, Masaki Kohana et al., “A Topic Trend on P2P Based Social Media”, in Leonard Barolli, Makoto Takizawa, Tomoya Enokido, editors, Advances in Network-Based Information Systems: The 20th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems (NBiS-2017), page 1140:

      To collect the messages, we select the mstdn.jp as the target instance. The mstdn.jp is one of the major Mastodon instances that has 123,331 users and connects to the 2415 other instances at 26 Feb 2017.

    • 2022, Derek Caelin, “Decentralized Networks vs The Trolls”, in Hoda Mahmoudi, Kate Seaman, Michael H. Allen, editors, Fundamental Challenges to Global Peace and Security: The Future of Humanity‎^[6], page 157:

      In a poll I conducted on Mastodon, 42% of the 674 respondents said that they had reported something, whether it had been a spam account or hateful content, to their instance's moderator.

    • 2023, Chris Minnick, Michael McCallister, Mastodon for Dummies‎^[7], page 14:

      Every Mastodon instance (neighborhood) has a code of conduct that you have to agree to before you join (move in).

    • Internet definition

      The specific internet consisting of a global network of computers that communicate using Internet Protocol (IP) and that use Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to identify the best paths to route those communications.

    • Independent definition

      Not dependent; not contingent or depending on something else; free. (1 of 5 independent definitions)

    • Server definition

      A program that provides services to other programs or devices, either in the same computer or over a computer network. (1 of 8 server definitions)

    • Decentralised definition

      simple past and past participle of decentralise

    • Social Network definition

      A network of personal or business contacts, especially as facilitated by social networking on the Internet. (1 of 2 social network definitions)

    • Mastodon definition

      A taxonomic genus within the family Mammutidae – the mastodon, a type of mammoth; replaced by Mammut.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• (computing) closure, class, object

Verb

instance (third-person singular simple present instances, present participle instancing, simple past and past participle instanced)

1. (transitive) To mention as a case or example; to refer to; to cite
   • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 93:

     The reason why so many fallacious opinions have passed into proverbs is owing to that carelessness which makes the individual instance the general rule.

   • 1901 April 12, “Veterinary Departmental Report for February, 1901”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record‎^[8], volume 4, number 3, page 87:

     District Veterinary Surgeon Hutchinson's report from Newcastle is again worthy of notice, as instancing the difficulty of suppression of contagious disease under the disturbed conditions now existing in the northern part of the Colony.

   • 1946, E. M. Butler, Rainer Maria Rilke, page 404:

     The poems which I have instanced are concrete and relatively glaring examples of the intangible difference which the change of language made in Rilke's visions .

   • Mention definition

     A speaking or notice of anything, usually in a brief or cursory manner. Used especially in the phrase make mention of. (1 of 2 mention definitions)

   • Refer definition

     To direct the attention of (someone toward something) (1 of 7 refer definitions)

   • Cite definition

     To quote; to repeat, as a passage from a book, or the words of another. (1 of 4 cite definitions)
2. (intransitive) To cite an example as proof; to exemplify.

   • Exemplify definition

     To show or illustrate by example. (1 of 4 exemplify definitions)
3. (massively multiplayer online games) To duplicate (a dungeon or other area) for each player, or each party of players, that enters it, so that each player or party has a private copy of the area, isolated from other players.
   • 2010 April 1, Scott F. Andrews, The Guild Leader's Handbook: Strategies and Guidance from a Battle-Scarred MMO Veteran, No Starch Press, →ISBN, page 124:

     In these games, such as World of Warcraft and Lord of the Rings Online, most significant PvP happens inside instanced or player-capped areas.

   • 2012 May 31, Ashok Kumar, Algorithmic and Architectural Gaming Design: Implementation and Development: Implementation and Development, IGI Global, →ISBN, page 302:

     This is an improvement compared to contemporary MMORPG which combine zoning and instancing, whereas replication is currently not available for a combination with either of them. Zoning (Cai, Xavier, Turner, & Lee, 2002; Macedonia, Zyda, […]

   • 2021 May 24, Mark J. P. Wolf, Encyclopedia of Video Games: The Culture, Technology, and Art of Gaming, 2nd Edition [3 volumes], ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 316:

     Instanced encounters standard in today's MMORPGs, but the lack of instancing in early EverQuest meant that the guild (a team of players operating as a team) or group(s) of players who raced to and engaged a target first could claim the […]

References

• “instance”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “instance”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• ancients, canniest, cantines, catenins, enactins, insectan, tenascin

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛ̃s.tɑ̃s/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑ̃s

Etymology 1

From Latin īnstantia.

Noun

instance f (plural instances)

1. (often in the plural) urgent demand, insistence, plea

   • Urgent definition

     Requiring immediate attention. (1 of 2 urgent definitions)

   • Demand definition

     The desire to purchase goods and services. (1 of 7 demand definitions)

   • Plea definition

     An appeal, petition, urgent prayer or entreaty. (1 of 7 plea definitions)
2. authority, forum, agency, body

   • Authority definition

     Power or right to make or enforce rules or give orders; or a position having such power or right. (1 of 6 authority definitions)

   • Forum definition

     A place for discussion. (1 of 5 forum definitions)

   • Agency definition

     The capacity, condition, or state of acting or of exerting power. (1 of 6 agency definitions)

   • Body definition

     Physical frame.

     1. The physical structure of a human or animal seen as one single organism. (1 of 24 body definitions)
3. (law) legal proceedings, prosecution process

   • Law definition

     The body of binding rules and regulations, customs, and standards established in a community by its legislative and judicial authorities. (1 of 21 law definitions)

   • Proceedings definition

     plural of proceeding

   • Prosecution definition

     The act of prosecuting a scheme or endeavor. (1 of 4 prosecution definitions)
4. (object-oriented programming) instance

   • Object-Oriented Programming definition

     A programming paradigm that uses hierarchies of "objects", instantiated from templates called "classes", to design applications and computer programs.

Derived terms

• en instance
• tribunal d’instance
• première instance

Etymology 2

A derivative of etymology 1, but reborrowed from English.

Noun

instance f (plural instances)

1. (computing) instance

Further reading

• “instance”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• cantines