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Contents
- 1 English
- 2 Anguthimri
- 3 Haitian Creole
- 4 Lashi
- 5 Malagasy
- 6 Mauritian Creole
- 7 Middle English
- 8 Moore
- 9 Seychellois Creole
- 10 Vietnamese
lay definition
Overview
This page has 53 definitions of lay with English translations in 4 languages. Lay is a verb, noun and adjective. Examples of how to use lay in a sentence are shown. Also define these 0 related words and terms: .
English lay definition
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English leyen, leggen, from Old English leċġan (“to lay”), from Proto-West Germanic *laggjan, from Proto-Germanic *lagjaną (“to lay”), causative form of Proto-Germanic *ligjaną (“to lie, recline”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie, recline”).
Cognate with West Frisian lizze (“to lay, to lie”), Dutch leggen (“to lay”), German legen (“to lay”), Norwegian Bokmål legge (“to lay”), Norwegian Nynorsk leggja (“to lay”), Swedish lägga (“to lay”), Icelandic leggja (“to lay”), Albanian lag (“troop, band, war encampment”).
Verb
lay (third-person singular simple present lays, present participle laying, simple past and past participle laid)
- (transitive) To place down in a position of rest, or in a horizontal position.
- to lay a book on the table; to lay a body in the grave
- A shower of rain lays the dust.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Daniel 6:17:
- A stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den.
- 1735, author unknown, The New-England Primer; as reported by Shapiro, Fred R., The Yale Book of Quotations, Yale University Press, 2006, pages 549–550:
- Now I lay me down to sleep, / I pray the Lord my Soul to keep. / If I should die before I ’wake, / I pray the Lord my Soul to take.
- 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, page 2:
- He used to drop into my chambers once in a while to smoke, and was first-rate company. When I gave a dinner there was generally a cover laid for him.
- 1977, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in An Autobiography, part I, London: Collins, →ISBN:
- An indulgent playmate, Grannie would lay aside the long scratchy-looking letter she was writing (heavily crossed ‘to save notepaper’) and enter into the delightful pastime of ‘a chicken from Mr Whiteley's’.
- (transitive, archaic) To cause to subside or abate.
- Synonyms: becalm, settle down
- 1590, Spenser, Edmund, The Faerie Queene, book II, canto viii, verse xlviii:
- The cloudes, as things affrayd, before him flye; / But all so soone as his outrageous powre / Is layd, they fiercely then begin to shoure […]
- 1662, Salusbury, Sir Thomas, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two World Systems, Dialogue 2:
- But how upon the winds being laid, doth the ship cease to move?
- 1849, Lord Tennyson, Alfred, In Memoriam A.H.H., canto XCVI:
- He faced the spectres of the mind
And laid them: thus he came at length
To find a stronger faith his own;
And Power was with him in the night,
Which makes the darkness and the light,
And dwells not in the light alone,
But in the darkness and the cloud
- 1895, Chambers, Robert W[illiam], “The Yellow Sign”, in The King in Yellow:
- Tessie lay among the cushions, her face a gray blot in the gloom, but her hands were clasped in mine and I knew that she knew and read my thoughts as I read hers, for we had understood the mystery of the Hyades and the Phantom of Truth was laid.
- (transitive) To prepare (a plan, project etc.); to set out, establish (a law, principle).
- 2006, James, Clive, North Face of Soho, Picador, published 2007, page 48:
- Even when I lay a long plan, it is never in the expectation that I will live to see it fulfilled.
- (transitive) To install certain building materials, laying one thing on top of another.
- lay brick; lay flooring
- (transitive) To produce and deposit an egg.
- the hen laid an egg
- Did dinosaurs lay their eggs in a nest?
- (transitive) To bet (that something is or is not the case).
- I'll lay that he doesn't turn up on Monday.
- (transitive) To deposit (a stake) as a wager; to stake; to risk.
- c. 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The VVinters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i]:
- I dare lay mine honour / He will remain so.
- 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide
- (transitive, slang) To have sex with.
- Synonyms: lie by, lie with, sleep with; see also Thesaurus:copulate with
- 1944, Chandler, Raymond, The Lady in the Lake, Penguin, published 2011, page 11:
- 'It's because he's a no-good son of a bitch who thinks it is smart to lay his friends' wives and brag about it.'
- (nautical) To take a position; to come or go.
- to lay forward; to lay aloft
- (law) To state; to allege.[1]
- to lay the venue
- (military) To point; to aim.
- to lay a gun
- (ropemaking) To put the strands of (a rope, a cable, etc.) in their proper places and twist or unite them.
- to lay a cable or rope
- (printing) To place and arrange (pages) for a form upon the imposing stone.
- (printing) To place (new type) properly in the cases.
- To apply; to put.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Proverbs 31:19:
- She layeth her hands to the spindle.
- To impose (a burden, punishment, command, tax, etc.).
- to lay a tax on land
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Isaiah 53:6:
- The Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.
- To impute; to charge; to allege.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Job 24:12:
- God layeth not folly to them.
- c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene iii]:
- Lay the fault on us.
- To present or offer.
- to lay an indictment in a particular county
- I have laid the facts of the matter before you.
- (intransitive, proscribed, see usage notes) To lie: to rest in a horizontal position on a surface.
- I found him laying on the floor.
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) lay | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | lay | laid | |
2nd-person singular | lay, layest† | laid, laidst†, laidest† | |
3rd-person singular | lays, layeth† | laid | |
plural | lay | ||
subjunctive | lay | laid | |
imperative | lay | — | |
participles | laying | laid |
Usage notes
- The verb lay is sometimes used instead of the corresponding intransitive verb lie in informal settings, especially but not exclusively in spoken language. Similarly, laid, the simple past and past participle of lay, may also replace lay and lain, respectively the simple past and past participle of lie.
- This intransitive use dates to Middle English, first appearing in the thirteenth century but only becoming common in the fifteenth century. The usage was still chiefly limited to the present tense and it seems that it was influenced by reflexive or passive use of lay.[2]
- There are several factors that contribute to the loss of the distinction. One is that lay is used as both the base form of lay and as the simple past of lie, another is the use of lay as a reflexive verb meaning “to go lie (down)”. In any event, similar mergers exist in other Germanic languages; compare Afrikaans lê (“to lie; to lay”), where the two verbs have merged completely.
- Traditional grammars, schoolbooks and style guides object to this intransitive use of lay and a certain stigma remains against the practice. Consequently the usage is common in speech but rarely found in edited writing or in more formal spoken situations.
- Nautical use of lay as an intransitive verb is regarded as standard.[2]
Derived terms
- allay
- belay
- forelay
- get laid
- lay about
- lay a finger on
- lay a foundation
- lay an egg
- lay away
- lay bare
- lay-by/lay by
- lay claim
- lay down
- lay hands on
- lay-in
- laying on of hands
- lay into
- lay low
- layoff
- lay on the line
- lay on the table
- lay out
- lay siege
- lay the groundwork
- lay to rest
- lay up
- lay waste
- offlay
- overlay
- well-laid
Translations
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Further reading
- John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “lay”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
Noun
lay (countable and uncountable, plural lays)
- Arrangement or relationship; layout.
- the lay of the land
- A share of the profits in a business.
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 16”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, OCLC 57395299:
- I was already aware that in the whaling business they paid no wages; but all hands, including the captain, received certain shares of the profits called lays, and that these lays were proportioned to the degree of importance pertaining to the respective duties of the ship’s company.
- The direction a rope is twisted.
- Worm and parcel with the lay; turn and serve the other way.
- (colloquial) A casual sexual partner.
- 1996, JoAnn Ross, Southern Comforts, MIRA (1996), →ISBN, page 166:
- Over the years she'd tried to tell himself that his uptown girl was just another lay.
- 2000, R. J. Kaiser, Fruitcake, MIRA (2000), →ISBN, page 288:
- To find a place like that and be discreet about it, Jones figured he needed help, so he went to see his favorite lay, Juan Carillo's woman, Carmen.
- 2011, Kelly Meding, Trance, Pocket Books (2011), →ISBN, pages 205-206:
- “Because I don't want William to be just another lay. I did the slut thing, T, and it got me into a lot of trouble years ago. […]
- What was I, just another lay you can toss aside as you go on to your next conquest?
- 1996, JoAnn Ross, Southern Comforts, MIRA (1996), →ISBN, page 166:
- (colloquial) An act of sexual intercourse.
- 1993, David Halberstam, The Fifties, Open Road Integrated Media (2012), →ISBN, unnumbered page:
- Listening to this dismissal of his work, [Tennessee] Williams thought to himself of Wilder, “This character has never had a good lay.”
- 2009, Fern Michaels, The Scoop, Kensington Books (2009), →ISBN, pages 212-213:
- […] She didn't become this germ freak until Thomas died. I wonder if she just needs a good lay, you know, an all-nighter?" Toots said thoughtfully.
- 2011, Pamela Yaye, Promises We Make, Kimani Press (2011), →ISBN, unnumbered page:
- “What she needs is a good lay. If she had someone to rock her world on a regular basis, she wouldn't be such a raging bit—”
- 1993, David Halberstam, The Fifties, Open Road Integrated Media (2012), →ISBN, unnumbered page:
- (slang, archaic) A place or activity where someone spends a significant portion of their time.
- 1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume (please specify |volume=I, II, III, or IV), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, OCLC 819902302:
- I shall be on that lay nae mair
- 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, OCLC 999756093:
- Since our people have moved this boy on, and he's not to be found on his old lay
- 1899, Frank Norris, Blix. Moran of the Lady Letty. Essays on authorship, page 155:
- "Well, you see, son," Kitcell had explained to Wilbur, "os-ten-siblee we are after shark-liver oil— and so we are; but also we are on any lay that turns up; ready for any game, from wrecking to barratry.
- The laying of eggs.
- The hens are off the lay at present.
- (obsolete) A layer.
- 1677, Hannah Woolley, The Compleat Servant-Maid, London: T. Passinger, p. 5,[1]
- […] lay in the bottom of an earthen pot some dried vine leaves, and so make a lay of Pears, and leaves till the pot is filled up, laying betwixt each lay some sliced Ginger […]
- 1718, Joseph Addison, Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: J. Tonson, “Sienna, Leghorne, Pisa,” p. 300,[2]
- […] the whole Body of the Church is chequer’d with different Lays of White and Black Marble […]
- 1724, Thomas Spooner, A Compendious Treatise of the Diseases of the Skin, London, Chapter 2, p. 20,[3]
- […] when we examine the Scarf-Skin with a Microscope, it appears to be made up of several Lays of exceeding small Scales, which cover one another more or less […]
- 1766, Thomas Amory, The Life of John Buncle, Esq., London: J. Johnson and B. Davenport, Volume 2, Section 1, p. 16, footnote 1,[4]
- […] in one particular it exceeds the fen birds, for it has two tastes; it being brown and white meat: under a lay of brown is a lay of white meat […]
- 1677, Hannah Woolley, The Compleat Servant-Maid, London: T. Passinger, p. 5,[1]
- (obsolete) A basis or ground.
- 1835, Richard architetto Brown, The Principles of Practical Perspective, page 122:
- On this lay or ground we should also add the finishing colours.
- 1899, “MacColl v. Crompton Loom works”, in The Federal Reporter, volume 95, page 990:
- In the first MacColl patent the pattern chain and engaging rod were carried on the swinging lay on which the needle bars are mounted.
Synonyms
- (casual sexual partner): see also Thesaurus:casual sexual partner.
Derived terms
Translations
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Etymology 2
From Middle English laie, lawe, from Old English lagu (“sea, flood, water, ocean”), from Proto-West Germanic *lagu (“water, sea”), from Proto-Germanic *laguz (“water, sea”), from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“water, body of water, lake”). Cognate with Icelandic lögur (“liquid, fluid, lake”), Latin lacus (“lake, hollow, hole”).
Noun
lay (plural lays)
- A lake.
Etymology 3
From Middle English lay, from Old French lai, from Latin laicus, from Ancient Greek λαϊκός (laïkós). Doublet of laic.
Adjective
lay (comparative more lay, superlative most lay)
- Not belonging to the clergy, but associated with them.
- They seemed more lay than clerical.
- a lay preacher; a lay brother
- Non-professional; not being a member of an organized institution.
- 1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VII:
- He hasn't caught a mouse since he was a slip of a kitten. Except when eating, he does nothing but sleep. [...] It's a sort of disease. There's a scientific name for it. Trau- something. Traumatic symplegia, that's it. This cat has traumatic symplegia. In other words, putting it in simple language adapted to the lay mind, where other cats are content to get their eight hours, Augustus wants his twenty-four.
- (card games) Not trumps.
- a lay suit
- (obsolete) Not educated or cultivated; ignorant.
Related terms
Translations
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Dictionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Etymology 4
See lie.
Verb
lay
- simple past tense of lie when pertaining to position.
- The baby lay in its crib and slept silently.
- (proscribed) To be in a horizontal position; to lie (from confusion with lie).
- 1969 July, Bob Dylan, “Lay Lady Lay”, Nashville Skyline, Columbia:
- Lay, lady, lay. / Lay across my big brass bed.
- 1974, John Denver, “Annie’s Song”, Back Home Again, RCA:
- Let me lay down beside you. / Let me always be with you.
- 1969 July, Bob Dylan, “Lay Lady Lay”, Nashville Skyline, Columbia:
Derived terms
Etymology 5
From Middle English lay, from Old French lai (“song, lyric, poem”), from Frankish *laih (“play, melody, song”), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“jump, play, dance, hymn”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to jump, spring, play”). Akin to Old High German leih (“a play, skit, melody, song”), Middle High German leich (“piece of music, epic song played on a harp”), Old English lācan (“to move quickly, fence, sing”). See lake.
Alternative forms
Noun
lay (plural lays)
- A ballad or sung poem; a short poem or narrative, usually intended to be sung.
- 1742, Edward Young, The Complaint: or Night-Thoughts on Life, Death & Immortality, Night I
- I strive, with wakeful melody, to cheer
- The sullen gloom, sweet Philomel! like thee,
- And call the stars to listen: every star
- Is deaf to mine, enamour’d of thy lay.
- 1805 The Lay of the Last Minstrel, Sir Walter Scott.
- 1742, Edward Young, The Complaint: or Night-Thoughts on Life, Death & Immortality, Night I
- A lyrical, narrative poem written in octosyllabic couplets that often deals with tales of adventure and romance.
- 1945: "The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun" by JRR Tolkien
- Sad is the note and sad the lay,
but mirth we meet not every day.
- Sad is the note and sad the lay,
- 1945: "The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun" by JRR Tolkien
Translations
Etymology 6
From Middle English lay, laye, laiȝe, leyȝe, from Old English lǣh, lēh, northern (Anglian) variants of Old English lēah (“lea”). More at lea.
Noun
lay (plural lays)
- (obsolete) A meadow; a lea.
- 1808, John Curwen, Hints on the Economy of Feeding Stock and Bettering the Condition of the Poor:
- Having destroyed all old lays, I have no other hay than clover.
Etymology 7
From Middle English laige, læȝe, variants of Middle English lawe (“law”). More at law.
Noun
lay (plural lays)
- (obsolete) A law.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto X, stanza 42:
- A woman worthy of immortall prayse, / Which for this Realme found many goodly layes
- (obsolete) An obligation; a vow.
- 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the VVorld. Commonly Called, The Natvrall Historie of C. Plinivs Secvndus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, published 1635, OCLC 1180792622:
- they bound themselues by a sacred lay and oth to fight it out to the last man
Etymology 8
Calque of Yiddish לייגן (leygn, “to put, lay”).
Verb
lay (third-person singular simple present lays, present participle laying, simple past and past participle laid)
- (Judaism, transitive) To don or put on (tefillin (phylacteries)).
References
- ^ 1839. John Bouvier, Law Dictionary
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “lay v.¹”, in James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VI, Part 1, London: Clarendon Press (1908), page 128.
Anagrams
Anguthimri lay definition
Verb
lay
- (transitive, Mpakwithi) to carry
References
- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 186
Haitian Creole lay definition
Etymology
From French l'ail (“the garlic”).
Noun
lay
Lashi lay definition
Pronunciation
Postposition
lay
Verb
lay
- to pass
References
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[5], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Malagasy lay definition
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *layaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ.
Noun
lay
References
- lay in Malagasy dictionaries at malagasyword.org
Mauritian Creole lay definition
Etymology 1
Noun
lay
Etymology 2
From Malagasy ley (butterfly).
Noun
lay
References
- Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987. Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français
Middle English lay definition
Verb
lay
Moore lay definition
Etymology
from French l'ail (“the garlic”)
Pronunciation
Noun
lay
- garlic (food)
Seychellois Creole lay definition
Etymology 1
Noun
lay
Etymology 2
From Malagasy ley (butterfly).
Noun
lay
References
- Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet, Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français
Vietnamese lay definition
Pronunciation
Verb
lay
- to shake